A First-Order Logic Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland Procedure

نویسنده

  • Peter Baumgartner
چکیده

The Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland procedure (DPLL) was introduced in the early 60s as a proof procedure for first-order logic. Nowadays, only its propositional logic core component is widely used in efficient propositional logic provers and respective applications. This success motivates to reconsider lifting DPLL to the first-order logic level in a more contemporary way, by exploiting successful first-order techniques like “unification”. Following this idea, in this paper a first-order logic version of DPLL, FDPLL, is presented. While propositional DPLL is based on a splitting rule for case analysis wrt. ground and complementary literals, FDPLL uses a lifted splitting rule, i.e. the case analysis is made wrt. non-ground and complementary literals now. To make this work, a new way of treating variables is employed. It comes together with a compact way of representing and reasoning with first-order logic interpretations, much like propositional DPLL reasons about propositional truth assignments. As a nice consequence, FDPLL naturally decides the class of Bernays-Schönfinkel formulas, which is notoriously difficult for most other calculi. The paper presents FDPLL in detail, but tries to be readable for a general audience at the same time.

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تاریخ انتشار 2002